![]() On the other hand, the total number of green balls is unaffected. It is then necessary to increment the number of red balls present in the urn. Are they to be counted as normal balls? Or do specific rules govern the way these pairs of hyper-entangled balls are to be counted? You add a normal red ball in a hyper-entanglement urn. Your reflection on the pairs of hyper-entangled balls and their properties also leads you to question the way the balls which compose the pairs of hyper-entangled balls are to be counted. You tell yourself finally that it could be confusing. What is amazing, you think, is that nothing seemingly differentiates the normal red balls from the red hyper-entangled ones. But hyper-entangled balls do behave in a completely different way. The normal red balls are no different from our familiar balls. After reflection, what proves to be specific to this urn, is that it includes at the same time some normal and some hyper-entangled balls. You decide to call “hyper-entanglement urn” this urn with its astonishing properties. Setting this issue aside for the moment, you prefer to retain the similarity with the more familiar quantum objects. as an object characterised by its faculty of occupying two different locations at the same time, with the colours of its two occurrences being anti-correlated. It also occurs to you that perhaps a pair of correlated balls could be considered, alternatively, as a ubiquitous object, i.e. As a consequence, each quantum object can not be fully described as an object per se, and a pair of entangled quantum objects is better conceived of as associated with a single, entangled state. 1982) is indeed the phenomenon which links up two quantum objects (for example, two photons), so that the quantum state of one of the entangled objects is correlated or anti-correlated with the quantum state of the other, whatever the distance where the latter is situated. After reflection, you tell yourself that the properties of the pairs of correlated balls are finally in some respects identical to those of two entangled quantum objects. In particular, your are intrigued by the properties of the pairs of correlated balls. The functioning of this urn leaves you somewhat perplexed. Indeed, it seems to you that relative to these pairs of balls, the red ball and the green ball which is linked to it behave as one single object. You even try to destroy one of the balls of a linked pair of balls, and you notice that in such case, the ball of the other colour which is indissociably linked to it is also destroyed instantaneously. And conversely, if you withdraw from the urn one of the green balls, the red ball which is linked to it is immediately removed from the urn. Indeed, if you remove the red ball from the urn, the linked green ball also disappears instantly. When you remove one of these red balls, the green ball which is associated with it also goes out at the same time from the urn, as if it was linked to the red ball by a magnetic force. Indeed, each of them is linked to a different green ball. But 500 other red balls have completely astonishing properties. Among the red balls, 500 are completely normal balls. The latter contains in total 1000 red balls and 500 green balls. Taken aback, you decide then to undertake a systematic and rigorous study of all the balls in the urn.Īt the end of several hours of a meticulous examination, you are now capable of describing precisely the properties of the balls present in the urn. But while it goes out of the urn, nothing else occurs. You decide then to withdraw another red ball from the urn. Furthermore, while you replace the green ball in the urn, the red ball also springs back at the same time at its initial position in the urn. You notice then that the red ball also goes out of the urn at the same time. Intrigued, you decide then to catch this green ball. ![]() You decide then to replace the red ball in the urn and you notice that immediately, the latter green ball also springs back in the urn. Surprisingly, you notice that while you pick up this red ball, another ball, but a green one, also moves simultaneously. By curiosity, you decide to take a sample of a red ball in the urn. You notice first that the urn contains only red or green balls. You go up then to the urn and begin to examine its content carefully. The experimenter asks you to study very carefully the properties of the balls that are in the urn. ![]() Let us consider the following experiment. A Two-Sided Ontological Solution to the Sleeping Beauty Problem
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